Which of the following best describes the concept of supply-side rationing?

The concept of supply-side rationing refers to the intentional limitation of healthcare resources to manage costs, often by restricting patient access to certain treatments, services, or technologies. This approach is implemented when healthcare systems face budget constraints or when there is a need to control expenditures in order to maintain the sustainability of the system. By limiting access, healthcare providers or policymakers can prioritize resources for particular services or populations, thus attempting to efficiently allocate limited resources.

The other options do not accurately reflect the principles of supply-side rationing. For instance, increasing supply to all patients would conflict with the concept of rationing, as it implies more access rather than less. Similarly, encouraging equal distribution of resources and investing equally in all healthcare sectors focus on equitable access and resource allocation rather than limiting access as a means of cost management. Hence, the best choice that aligns with the definition of supply-side rationing is the limitation of patient access to manage costs.